RPI Researchers Advance the Future of Quantum Networks

[dariusmberto]

Scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) are addressing a central challenge in quantum information science: how to build scalable, dependable networks capable of linking quantum systems across distances. Their efforts have led to two recent publications in Physical Review Letters and Science Advances, marking important progress toward the realization of large-scale quantum networks and potentially, a quantum internet.

The interdisciplinary team, led by Assistant Professor Xiangyi Meng, Ph.D., includes faculty from both the Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy and the Department of Computer Science at RPI. Their research centers on the use of quantum entanglement—a phenomenon in which particles become interlinked, allowing them to share information instantaneously over long distances.

Entanglement is the basis for quantum communication, enabling ultra-secure data transfer immune to eavesdropping. However, once an entangled pair is used, the entanglement is lost, making it difficult to sustain network operations over time.

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To address this, the RPI team has developed a novel strategy that keeps the network active by continuously regenerating entanglement. Their method involves a "bridging" mechanism that adds redundancy to the system, allowing communication to persist without overwhelming the network.

A key innovation in their approach is the use of "multiplexing," where information is sent through multiple entangled paths simultaneously instead of relying on a single connection. This redundancy counters the noise and instability inherent in quantum systems, allowing entanglement to be maintained even in less-than-perfect conditions. Remarkably, this approach may perform even better in quantum settings than in traditional communication networks.

"Our work shows how quantum networks can remain stable and effective as they become more complex," said Meng. "This brings us closer to building large-scale quantum systems that can securely process and share quantum information."

The research not only advances the theoretical foundation for future quantum communication but also supports broader goals in the quantum technology landscape. As companies like IBM continue to expand quantum computing capabilities, the need for robust, interconnected networks to manage vast quantities of quantum data becomes increasingly important.

RPI's contributions are helping to pave the way for a future where quantum processors can communicate seamlessly, enabling faster, more secure information exchange and laying the foundation for transformative technologies.