Sarah

2026-03-19T02:40:51Z

Cyndanera:

Sarah

2026-03-19T02:40:28Z

Cyndanera:

Sarah

2026-03-19T02:39:01Z

Cyndanera: updated sarah gamecube page

DVDFormat

2026-03-13T18:47:08Z

Cyndanera: /* Burst Cutting Area */

GameCube Disc Format aka NROM(Read-only) or NR-Disc(Recordable)

Please Note this is a work in progress doc.

DVD Sector Scrambling(XOR) is done using Disk ID(8 bytes) and a Random Number by the Disk Controller Firmware, it is stored on a 128KB on-chip ROM
System Controller firmware uses a ROM 128KB chip.

Panasonic MN103S (32bit), 54MHz is the Disk Controller(ECC, EFM\EFM+, Drive IC Control, Descrambler, XADPCM Decoding)
Panasonic MN102H (16bit), 33Mhz is the System Controller(System Manager, Copy protection, Handles Commands)

The development tools used to develop for these Panasonic microcontrollers is called Debug Factory 3, it comes with a toolchain that has compiler, linker, assembler.

In the firmware the text "Nintendo Game Disk" can be found this is the Media ID 19 byte string that is used as meta data in the lead-in area of the DVD.
MN102H looks for this string to check if the disc type is a GameCube\Wii Game Disc.
It's also does the BCA copy protection check.

== Notes ==
========================================
NROM BOOTABLE PRESSED DISC GUIDE
GameCube / Original Wii (GC Mode)
========================================

1. CONTROL DATA ZONE (CDZ) - Mandatory for boot
------------------------------------------------
Sector size: 2048 bytes

PHYSICAL FORMAT INFORMATION
---------------------------
Bytes (BP) Name Value / Notes
0-5 Reserved Any value (zeros fine)
6 NGC Identifier 0xFF (must)
7 Disc size & min transfer rate 0x12 (fixed)
8 Disc structure 0x01 (fixed)
9 Recorded density 0x00 (fixed)
10-21 Data area allocation Start sector = 0x030000
End sector = 0x0DE0AF
22-2047 Reserved Any value (zeros or filler)
Dummy area Reserved 6 bytes

DISC MANUFACTURING INFORMATION
------------------------------
Bytes (BP) Name Value / Notes
0-5 Reserved Any value
6-11 Secret Optional, any value
12-13 Random number Optional
14-15 Secret Optional
16-21 Random number Optional
22-40 Media ID ASCII: "Nintendo Game Disk" (must match exactly)
41-47 Random number Optional
48 Book type / Part version 0x01 (must)
49 Disc size / min readout 0x12 (must)
50 Disc structure 0x01 (must)
51 Recorded density 0x00 (must)
52-63 Data area allocation Start = 0x030000, End = 0x0DE0AF
64 BCA descriptor 0x80 (must)
65-2047 Reserved Any value
Dummy area Reserved 6 bytes

Notes:
- Only BP6, BP7-BP9, BP48-BP51, BP52-BP63, BP64, and Media ID are critical.
- All "secret" or "random number" fields are optional filler.

2. DISCID - Mandatory
---------------------
- 8 bytes total: game_code[4] + corp_code[2] + disc_number + version
- Example:
game_code = "ABCD"
corp_code = "01"
disc_number = 0x01
version = 0x00
- DiscID is used to select XOR scrambler preset index.

3. USER AREA - Mandatory, XOR Scrambled
----------------------------------------
- Start sector: 0x030000
- End sector: 0x0DE0AF
- Sector size: 2048 bytes

XOR Scrambling (NROM style):
- Preset table (16 numbers):
0: 3, 1: 48, 2: 32512, 3: 28673
4: 6, 5: 69, 6: 32256, 7: 24579
8: 12, 9: 192, 10: 31744, 11: 16391
12: 24, 13: 384, 14: 30720, 15: 15
- Select preset index (0-15) using DiscID:
1) sum = sum of first 8 bytes of DiscID
2) beat_data = ((sum / 0x10) + sum) & 0x0F
3) beat_data selects index in preset table
- Initialize XOR scrambler (LFSR) with chosen preset
- Scramble each sector:
- Bytes D0-D5 = not scrambled
- Bytes D6-D2047 = XOR with pseudo-random stream from LFSR
- Wrap-around ensures continuity across sectors

4. BCA (BURST-CUTTING AREA) - Optional
----------------------------------------
- 188-byte block is enough if included
- Fill with zeros or dummy values
- No real marks or signatures needed
- Drive ignores BCA for boot

5. LEAD-IN / LEAD-OUT
---------------------
- Can follow normal DVD standard
- Ignored by drive for boot

6. SUMMARY - Minimum for bootable disc
--------------------------------------
1) Control Data Zone ? correct fixed bytes + Media ID + BCA descriptor
2) DiscID ? 8 bytes
3) User area ? XOR-scrambled using DiscID/preset index
4) Optional: BCA block (zeros or filler)

== Data Frame ==
u32 id; // PSN(Physical Sector Number)
u16 ied; // ID Error Detection Code, CRC16
u8 userdata[2048]; // Sector Data
u8 cpr_mai[6]; // Copyright Management Information(Not used)
u32 edc; // Error Detection Code, CRC32
// 2064B

== Random Number Table ==
0: 3
1: 48
2: 32512
3: 28673
4: 6
5: 69
6: 32256
7: 24579
8: 12
9: 192
10: 31744
11: 16391
12: 24
13: 384
14: 30720
15: 15

== DiskId ==
char gamecode[4];
char makercode[2];
u8 diskNumber;
u8 version;
u8 streaming;
u8 streamingBufferSize;
u8 pad[18];
u32 magic;

== Burst Cutting Area ==
/* Each radial mark entry */
struct_BcaMarkEntry
{
u32 psn; /* Physical sector number */
u16 bitOffset; /* Bit offset within the sector where the mark starts */
u8 type; /* Mark type (Datel style = 0xFF) */
u8 reserved; /* Padding to make struct size 8 bytes */
};

/* Complete BCA block */
struct_DiscBca
{
/* --- Manufacturing metadata (plain) --- */
u8 optInfo[52]; /* mastering options */
u8 manufacturer[2]; /* pressing plant code */
u8 recorderDevice[2]; /* LBR device code */
u8 bcaSerial; /* disc batch serial */
u8 discDate[2]; /* year / month etc. */
u8 discTime[2]; /* hour / minute etc. */
u8 discNumber[3]; /* disc number in batch */

/* --- Authentication key and ID --- */
u8 key[8]; /* 8-byte key used by hardware check */
u8 id[4]; /* 4-byte disc identifier */

/* --- Radial mark table --- */
BcaMarkEntry marks[6]; /* 6 radial marks used for validation */
/* --- Padding to fill 188 bytes --- */
u8 reserved[64];
};

== Disc Physical Format ==
// Leadin Area
PhysicalFormatInfo pfi;
DiscManufacturingInfo dmi;

PhysicalFormatInfo
u8 reversed[6];
u8 discMagic; // value is -1.
u8 discSizeMinTransferRate; // The value is fixed on 16.
u8 discStructure; // The value is fixed on 1.
u8 recordedDensity; // The value is fixed on 1.
DataAreaAllocation m_dataAreaAllocation;
u8 reversed2[2026];
u8 reversed3[6];

DiscManufacturingInfo
u8 reversed[6];
u8 unknown1[6];
u8 randomNumber2[6];
u8 unknown2[6];
u8 randomNumber3[6];
char mediaId[19]; // "Nintendo Game Disk"
u8 randomNumber4[6];
u8 bookTypePartVersion; // value must be 1.
u8 discSizeMinReadoutRate; // The value is fixed on 16.
u8 discStructure; // The value is fixed on 1.
u8 recordedDensity; // The value is fixed on 0.
DataAreaAllocation dataAreaAllocation;
u8 bcaDescriptor; // The value is fixed on 128.
u8 reversed2[1983];
u8 reversed3[6];

DataAreaAllocation
u8 reversed;
u16 startSector;
u8 reversed2;
u16 endSector;
u8 reversed3[3];
// 12 Bytes

== Disc Image Format ==
BootHeader m_header;
BootHeaderInfo m_bi;
AppLoader m_apploader;
FileSystemTable m_fst;
u8 userdata[0]; // application is stored here, including boot file

BootHeader
u8 game_code[4];
u8 company_code[2];
u8 diskNumber;
u8 gameVersion;
u8 audioStreaming;
u8 streamBufSize;
u8 unused_1[18];
u32 magic; // 3258163005
char gameName[64];
u8 unused_2[416];
u32 nkitMagicWord;
u32 nkitVersion;
u32 dataCRC;
u32 headerCRC;
u32 dataSize;
u32 junkId;
u8 unused_3[488];
u32 ApploaderSize;
u32 ApploaderInit;
u32 ApploaderMain;
u32 ApploaderExit;
u8 unused_4[16];
u32 bootOffset;
u32 fstOffset;
u32 fstSize;
u32 maxFstSize;
u32 fstAddress; // debug fstOffset
u32 userPos; // disc data offset
u32 userLength; // disc data size
u32 unused_5;

BootHeaderInfo
u32 debugMonSize; // debug monitor size
u32 simMemSize; // simulator memory size
u32 argOffset;
u32 debugFlag;
u32 debugOffset;
u32 debugSize;
u32 country;
u32 totalDisc;
u32 supportLongFileName;
u32 padSpec;
u32 dolLimit;
u8 unused_6[8148];
// 8192 Bytes

AppLoader
char date[16]; // date string
u32 entryAddress;
u32 size;
u32 rebootSize;
u8 pad[4];
u8* code;

FileSystemTable
u32 entryCount;
FileSystemEntity* m_entity;
StringTable* m_string;

FileSystemEntity
u8 flags;
u16 filenameOffset;
u32 fileOffset;
u32 fileSize;

StringTable
char* name;
u8 pad;

Main Page

2026-03-09T15:58:08Z

Cyndanera: /* Software */

Welcome to the [//www.gc-forever.com/ GC-Forever] Wiki!

This wiki is about the console released in 2001, the GameCube! In this wiki, we help you share your knowledge on the GameCube. Hope you learn something :)

== How To ==
* [[Backing Up Discs|Backup Original Media]]
* [[Booting Homebrew|Boot Homebrew]]
* [[Create_a_bootable_homebrew_disc|Create bootable homebrew disc]]
* Play [[Playing Backups|Backups]]
* Play [[Playing Imports|Imports]]
* Install NTSC-U or NTSC-J [[Region Switch]]
* Make Swiss the [[Swiss/Usage#Installing_Swiss_to_the_Wiikey_Fusion_Flash | initial ISO for WiiKey Fusion]]
* Make Swiss the [[Swiss on WODE | initial ISO for WODE]]
* [[Using a Wii drive replacement on a GameCube | Use a Wii drive replacement on a Gamecube]]

== Software ==
* [[Game_Boy_Interface|Game Boy Interface]]
* [[GC-Linux with rootFS on SD|GC-Linux with rootFS on SD Card]]
* [[Swiss|Swiss]]
* [https://github.com/extremscorner/libogc2 libogc2]
* [https://github.com/MiloCharmingMagician/makernrom makenrom]
* [[:Category:Homebrew_Software|List of other Homebrew]]

== Hardware ==
* [[:Category:MiscHardware|List of Miscellaneous Hardware]]
* [[:Category:Modchips|List of Modchips]]
* [[:Category:Hardware_Hacks|List of Hardware Hacks]]
* [[GameCube versions|GameCube versions]]
* [[Macronix DSP|Macronix DSP]]

== Documents ==
* [[DVDFormat|GC Disc Format]]
* [[DICommands|GC/Wii DVD Commands explained]]
* [//www.gc-forever.com/yagcd/ '''Y'''et '''A'''nother '''G'''ame'''C'''ube '''D'''ocumentation]

== Games ==
* [https://savefileconverter.com/#/gamecube Save File Converter]
* [[List_of_GameCube_games|List of all Nintendo licensed GameCube games]]
**[[List of GameCube games with native widescreen]]
* [[Homebrew_Games|List of all Homebrew games for the GameCube]]

== The WikiScene Archives ==
* [[WikiScene:GameCube]]
__NOTOC__

DVDFormat

2025-11-05T16:34:34Z

Cyndanera: added NROM DVD format notes

GameCube Disc Format aka NROM(Read-only) or NR-Disc(Recordable)

Please Note this is a work in progress doc.

DVD Sector Scrambling(XOR) is done using Disk ID(8 bytes) and a Random Number by the Disk Controller Firmware, it is stored on a 128KB on-chip ROM
System Controller firmware uses a ROM 128KB chip.

Panasonic MN103S (32bit), 54MHz is the Disk Controller(ECC, EFM\EFM+, Drive IC Control, Descrambler, XADPCM Decoding)
Panasonic MN102H (16bit), 33Mhz is the System Controller(System Manager, Copy protection, Handles Commands)

The development tools used to develop for these Panasonic microcontrollers is called Debug Factory 3, it comes with a toolchain that has compiler, linker, assembler.

In the firmware the text "Nintendo Game Disk" can be found this is the Media ID 19 byte string that is used as meta data in the lead-in area of the DVD.
MN102H looks for this string to check if the disc type is a GameCube\Wii Game Disc.
It's also does the BCA copy protection check.

== Notes ==
========================================
NROM BOOTABLE PRESSED DISC GUIDE
GameCube / Original Wii (GC Mode)
========================================

1. CONTROL DATA ZONE (CDZ) - Mandatory for boot
------------------------------------------------
Sector size: 2048 bytes

PHYSICAL FORMAT INFORMATION
---------------------------
Bytes (BP) Name Value / Notes
0-5 Reserved Any value (zeros fine)
6 NGC Identifier 0xFF (must)
7 Disc size & min transfer rate 0x12 (fixed)
8 Disc structure 0x01 (fixed)
9 Recorded density 0x00 (fixed)
10-21 Data area allocation Start sector = 0x030000
End sector = 0x0DE0AF
22-2047 Reserved Any value (zeros or filler)
Dummy area Reserved 6 bytes

DISC MANUFACTURING INFORMATION
------------------------------
Bytes (BP) Name Value / Notes
0-5 Reserved Any value
6-11 Secret Optional, any value
12-13 Random number Optional
14-15 Secret Optional
16-21 Random number Optional
22-40 Media ID ASCII: "Nintendo Game Disk" (must match exactly)
41-47 Random number Optional
48 Book type / Part version 0x01 (must)
49 Disc size / min readout 0x12 (must)
50 Disc structure 0x01 (must)
51 Recorded density 0x00 (must)
52-63 Data area allocation Start = 0x030000, End = 0x0DE0AF
64 BCA descriptor 0x80 (must)
65-2047 Reserved Any value
Dummy area Reserved 6 bytes

Notes:
- Only BP6, BP7-BP9, BP48-BP51, BP52-BP63, BP64, and Media ID are critical.
- All "secret" or "random number" fields are optional filler.

2. DISCID - Mandatory
---------------------
- 8 bytes total: game_code[4] + corp_code[2] + disc_number + version
- Example:
game_code = "ABCD"
corp_code = "01"
disc_number = 0x01
version = 0x00
- DiscID is used to select XOR scrambler preset index.

3. USER AREA - Mandatory, XOR Scrambled
----------------------------------------
- Start sector: 0x030000
- End sector: 0x0DE0AF
- Sector size: 2048 bytes

XOR Scrambling (NROM style):
- Preset table (16 numbers):
0: 3, 1: 48, 2: 32512, 3: 28673
4: 6, 5: 69, 6: 32256, 7: 24579
8: 12, 9: 192, 10: 31744, 11: 16391
12: 24, 13: 384, 14: 30720, 15: 15
- Select preset index (0-15) using DiscID:
1) sum = sum of first 8 bytes of DiscID
2) beat_data = ((sum / 0x10) + sum) & 0x0F
3) beat_data selects index in preset table
- Initialize XOR scrambler (LFSR) with chosen preset
- Scramble each sector:
- Bytes D0-D5 = not scrambled
- Bytes D6-D2047 = XOR with pseudo-random stream from LFSR
- Wrap-around ensures continuity across sectors

4. BCA (BURST-CUTTING AREA) - Optional
----------------------------------------
- 188-byte block is enough if included
- Fill with zeros or dummy values
- No real marks or signatures needed
- Drive ignores BCA for boot

5. LEAD-IN / LEAD-OUT
---------------------
- Can follow normal DVD standard
- Ignored by drive for boot

6. SUMMARY - Minimum for bootable disc
--------------------------------------
1) Control Data Zone ? correct fixed bytes + Media ID + BCA descriptor
2) DiscID ? 8 bytes
3) User area ? XOR-scrambled using DiscID/preset index
4) Optional: BCA block (zeros or filler)

== Data Frame ==
u32 id; // PSN(Physical Sector Number)
u16 ied; // ID Error Detection Code, CRC16
u8 userdata[2048]; // Sector Data
u8 cpr_mai[6]; // Copyright Management Information(Not used)
u32 edc; // Error Detection Code, CRC32
// 2064B

== Random Number Table ==
0: 3
1: 48
2: 32512
3: 28673
4: 6
5: 69
6: 32256
7: 24579
8: 12
9: 192
10: 31744
11: 16391
12: 24
13: 384
14: 30720
15: 15

== DiskId ==
char gamecode[4];
char makercode[2];
u8 diskNumber;
u8 version;
u8 streaming;
u8 streamingBufferSize;
u8 pad[18];
u32 magic;

== Burst Cutting Area ==
// UserData(unencrypted), 64B
u8 optionalInfo[52];
u8 manufacturer[2];
u8 recorderDevice[2];
u8 bcaSerial;
u8 discDate[2];
u8 discTime[2];
u8 discNumber[3];
// SecureData(unencrypted), 12B
u8 key[8];
u8 id[4];
// AuthenticationData(encrypted), 48B
PsnRegion psn[6]; // 6 sector locations
// 188 Total Bytes

struct_PsnRegion
{
u32 start;
u32 end;
};

== Disc Physical Format ==
// Leadin Area
PhysicalFormatInfo pfi;
DiscManufacturingInfo dmi;

PhysicalFormatInfo
u8 reversed[6];
u8 discMagic; // value is -1.
u8 discSizeMinTransferRate; // The value is fixed on 16.
u8 discStructure; // The value is fixed on 1.
u8 recordedDensity; // The value is fixed on 1.
DataAreaAllocation m_dataAreaAllocation;
u8 reversed2[2026];
u8 reversed3[6];

DiscManufacturingInfo
u8 reversed[6];
u8 unknown1[6];
u8 randomNumber2[6];
u8 unknown2[6];
u8 randomNumber3[6];
char mediaId[19]; // "Nintendo Game Disk"
u8 randomNumber4[6];
u8 bookTypePartVersion; // value must be 1.
u8 discSizeMinReadoutRate; // The value is fixed on 16.
u8 discStructure; // The value is fixed on 1.
u8 recordedDensity; // The value is fixed on 0.
DataAreaAllocation dataAreaAllocation;
u8 bcaDescriptor; // The value is fixed on 128.
u8 reversed2[1983];
u8 reversed3[6];

DataAreaAllocation
u8 reversed;
u16 startSector;
u8 reversed2;
u16 endSector;
u8 reversed3[3];
// 12 Bytes

== Disc Image Format ==
BootHeader m_header;
BootHeaderInfo m_bi;
AppLoader m_apploader;
FileSystemTable m_fst;
u8 userdata[0]; // application is stored here, including boot file

BootHeader
u8 game_code[4];
u8 company_code[2];
u8 diskNumber;
u8 gameVersion;
u8 audioStreaming;
u8 streamBufSize;
u8 unused_1[18];
u32 magic; // 3258163005
char gameName[64];
u8 unused_2[416];
u32 nkitMagicWord;
u32 nkitVersion;
u32 dataCRC;
u32 headerCRC;
u32 dataSize;
u32 junkId;
u8 unused_3[488];
u32 ApploaderSize;
u32 ApploaderInit;
u32 ApploaderMain;
u32 ApploaderExit;
u8 unused_4[16];
u32 bootOffset;
u32 fstOffset;
u32 fstSize;
u32 maxFstSize;
u32 fstAddress; // debug fstOffset
u32 userPos; // disc data offset
u32 userLength; // disc data size
u32 unused_5;

BootHeaderInfo
u32 debugMonSize; // debug monitor size
u32 simMemSize; // simulator memory size
u32 argOffset;
u32 debugFlag;
u32 debugOffset;
u32 debugSize;
u32 country;
u32 totalDisc;
u32 supportLongFileName;
u32 padSpec;
u32 dolLimit;
u8 unused_6[8148];
// 8192 Bytes

AppLoader
char date[16]; // date string
u32 entryAddress;
u32 size;
u32 rebootSize;
u8 pad[4];
u8* code;

FileSystemTable
u32 entryCount;
FileSystemEntity* m_entity;
StringTable* m_string;

FileSystemEntity
u8 flags;
u16 filenameOffset;
u32 fileOffset;
u32 fileSize;

StringTable
char* name;
u8 pad;

User:Cyndanera

2025-01-29T02:44:43Z

Cyndanera: updated profile

'''My software:'''
*JSystem - inhouse property engine for DS, PS2, GameCube\Wii
*JAudio Microcode(UCode) - audio system microcode for running on the Macronix DSP(Slave Processor)
*JAudio Driver - sound driver for running on the IOP(Input/Output Processor)

User:Cyndanera

2025-01-29T02:44:08Z

Cyndanera: updated profile

'''My software:'''
*JSystem - inhouse property engine for DS, PS2, GameCube\Wii
*JAudio Microcode(UCode) - audio system microcode for running on the GameCube\Wii Macronix DSP(Slave Processor)
*JAudio Driver - sound driver for running on the IOP(Input/Output Processor)

Macronix DSP

2025-01-29T00:12:34Z

Cyndanera: updated dsp page

Macronix DSP is a 16 bit programmable DSP(Slave Processor) in the Nintendo GameCube\Wii\Wii U it was manufactured by Macronix.
It has it's own ADPCM hardware decoder to off load the DSP.
16 MB of ARAM stores PCM\ADPCM, but ARAM also can store extra data such as textures, animations, data, for example.

Macronix DSP microcode is written in assembly you will require a assembler to assemble your code. asnd & aesnd is the homebrew dsp microcode that exist in devkitpro for the Nintendo GameCube\Wii, can mix up to 64 channels(AX\JAudio) and 16 or 32 channels(ASnd\AESnd) respectively in software.

JAudio(JSystem) DSP microcode also seems to contain these types
SRC_SQUARE_WAVE
SQUARE_WAVE_25PCT
SAW_WAVE
PCM8
PCM16
DSP-ADPCM

== DSP Specs ==
Clock: 81MHz(GC) or 121.5MHz(Wii)
Bits: 16bit
Endian: Big
Data RAM: 8KB
Data ROM: 4KB
Instruction RAM: 8KB
Instruction ROM: 8KB (Macronix, Nintendo)
Hardware Decoder: DSP-ADPCM

== DSP Programs ==
Bootrom IPL microcode x2 (Macronix, Nintendo)
DSP ARAM/Init microcode
Memory Card microcode - handles memory card security & unlocking
Audio System(AX) microcode - mixing, filters, Dolby logic pro II, effects done on CPU
JAudio(JSystem) microcode - mixing, filters, Dolby logic pro II, effects done on DSP
GBA Multiboot microcode - decrypts GBA multiboot program

== Homebrew DSP Programs ==
ASnd microcode - mixing
AESnd microcode - mixing

User:Cyndanera

2025-01-29T00:08:00Z

Cyndanera: updated profile

'''My software:'''
*JSystem - inhouse property engine for DS, PS2, GameCube\Wii
*JAudio Microcode(UCode) - audio system microcode for running on the GameCube\Wii Macronix DSP(Slave Processor)
*JAudio Driver(IRX) - audio system driver for running on the PS2 IOP(Input/Output Processor)

Macronix DSP

Cyndanera:

Macronix DSP is a 16 bit programmable DSP(Slave Processor) in the Nintendo GameCube\Wii\Wii U it was manufactured by Macronix.
It has it's own ADPCM hardware decoder to off load the DSP.
16 MB of ARAM stores PCM\ADPCM, but ARAM also can store extra data such as textures, animations, data, for example.

Macronix DSP microcode is written in assembly you will require a assembler to assemble your code. asnd & aesnd is the homebrew dsp microcode that exist in devkitpro for the Nintendo GameCube\Wii, can mix up to 16 and 32 channels respectively.

JAudio(JSystem) DSP microcode also seems to contain these types
SRC_SQUARE_WAVE
SQUARE_WAVE_25PCT
SAW_WAVE
PCM8
PCM16
DSP-ADPCM

Sarah DSP microcode(UCode) is written by Milo Charming Magician for the MXIC 16bit DSP Slave Processor:
Reverb, Dolby Logic Pro II, Pitch Modulation, FIR Filter
PCM8, PCM16, DSP-ADPCM, FM, Triangle-Wave, PSG-Wave, PSG-Noise
LFO, PG, EG(ADSR), Channel(Volume, Panning, Keyon, Keyoff)
MPEG2 Audio Decoding

== DSP Specs ==
Clock: 81MHz(GC) or 121.5MHz(Wii)
Bits: 16bit
Endian: Big
Data RAM: 8KB
Data ROM: 4KB
Instruction RAM: 8KB
Instruction ROM: 8KB (Macronix, Nintendo)
Hardware Decoder: DSP-ADPCM

== DSP Programs ==
Bootrom IPL microcode x2 (Macronix, Nintendo)
DSP ARAM/Init microcode
Memory Card microcode - handles memory card security & unlocking
Audio System(AX) microcode - mixing, filters, Dolby logic pro II, effects done on CPU
JAudio(JSystem) microcode - mixing, filters, Dolby logic pro II, effects done on DSP
GBA Multiboot microcode - decrypts GBA multiboot program

== Homebrew DSP Programs ==
Sarah microcode - Audio System
ASnd microcode - mixing
AESnd microcode - mixing

2024-10-28T23:41:30Z

Cyndanera:

{{Infobox/homebrew
| title = Sarah
| image = [[File:Sarah_game.png]]
| type = Game
| author = Cyndanera
| version = 1.0
| licence = Proprietary
| website = https://www.cyndanera.com
| engine = Cyndanera Engine
}}
'''Sarah''' is a 2D.5 Metroidvania Platformer game currently in development & will be released on a bootable disc for the [[GameCube]].
Sarah uses the Cyndanera Engine and It's own DSP microcode called Sarah UCode(microcode).

[[Category:Homebrew_Software]]
[[Category:Homebrew_Games]]